{"id":13212,"date":"2026-02-25T16:03:43","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T13:03:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/izbumagi.net\/?p=13212"},"modified":"2026-02-26T18:23:26","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T15:23:26","slug":"quilling-istoriya-i-simvolika-bumazhnogo-krucheniya-ot-monastyrej-do-yuvelirnyh-shedevrov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/izbumagi.net\/cs\/quilling-istoriya-i-simvolika-bumazhnogo-krucheniya-from-monastyrej-to-yuvelirnyh-shedevrov\/","title":{"rendered":"Quilling: Historie a symbolika p\u0159eden\u00ed pap\u00edru - od kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f po mistrovsk\u00e9 \u0161perky \ud83d\udcdc."},"content":{"rendered":"

Quilling neboli kroucen\u00ed pap\u00edru je \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se z dlouh\u00fdch a \u00fazk\u00fdch prou\u017ek\u016f pap\u00edru vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed jemn\u00e9 krajky, kter\u00e9 se mohou rovnat \u0161perk\u016fm. Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev poch\u00e1z\u00ed z anglick\u00e9ho slova quill, pta\u010d\u00edho p\u00edrka, kter\u00e9 slou\u017eilo jako prvn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj pro kroucen\u00ed pap\u00edru. Toto um\u011bn\u00ed, pln\u00e9 n\u011bhy a pe\u010dliv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, urazilo dlouhou cestu od napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed drah\u00fdch kov\u016f v chud\u00fdch kostel\u00edch a\u017e k postaven\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho kon\u00ed\u010dku a vysok\u00e9ho dekorativn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed. Poj\u010fme sledovat tento fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj.<\/p>\n

\u26ea Historick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny: Zlato pro chud\u00e9<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tky quillingu sahaj\u00ed n\u011bkolik stolet\u00ed do minulosti. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed badatel\u00e9 se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1klady t\u00e9to techniky mohly existovat ji\u017e ve star\u00e9m Egypt\u011b, kde se k v\u00fdzdob\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaly tenk\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 prou\u017eky. Skute\u010dn\u00fd zrod pap\u00edrov\u00e9ho quillingu jako um\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ak nastal ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 Evrop\u011b na p\u0159elomu XIV. a XV. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edmi vyn\u00e1lezci t\u00e9to technologie byly katolick\u00e9 jepti\u0161ky ve Francii a It\u00e1lii.<\/strong> V renesanci vytv\u00e1\u0159eli jemn\u00e9 medailony, r\u00e1my na ikony a obaly na n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 knihy. Pou\u017e\u00edvali prou\u017eky pap\u00edru se zlacen\u00fdmi okraji vyst\u0159i\u017een\u00e9 z desek star\u00fdch foliant\u016f. Navl\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto prou\u017ek\u016f na \u0161pi\u010dku hus\u00edho brku vytv\u00e1\u0159eli a\u017eurov\u00e9 vzory, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i pohledu zbl\u00edzka vytv\u00e1\u0159ely plnou iluzi zlat\u00e9ho filigr\u00e1nu. V chud\u00fdch kostel\u00edch byla tato imitace \u0161perkov\u00fdch dar\u016f jedin\u00fdm dostupn\u00fdm luxusem a t\u00e9to technice se poeticky \u0159\u00edkalo zlato pro chud\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1<\/a>
St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 jepti\u0161ka p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci: vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed prvn\u00edch mistrovsk\u00fdch d\u011bl quillingu z pozlacen\u00e9ho pap\u00edru a pta\u010d\u00edch per.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\ud83d\udc51 V\u011bk p\u00e1n\u016f a urozen\u00fdch dam.<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V 17.-18. stolet\u00ed se quilling dostal za zdi kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f a stal se vyt\u0159\u00edbenou spole\u010denskou z\u00e1bavou. Vzhledem k vysok\u00e9 cen\u011b kvalitn\u00edho pap\u00edru a nutnosti m\u00edt spoustu voln\u00e9ho \u010dasu v\u0161ak toto um\u011bn\u00ed z\u016fstalo dom\u00e9nou bohat\u00fdch a urozen\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

V Anglii, kde se kolem roku 1495 objevily prvn\u00ed pap\u00edrny, byl quilling obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd. V\u011bnovaly se mu d\u00e1my, kter\u00e9 nebyly zat\u00ed\u017eeny prac\u00ed, spolu s vy\u0161\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm a dal\u0161\u00edmi \u017eensk\u00fdmi ru\u010dn\u00edmi pracemi. Pova\u017eovalo se to za nevinnou z\u00e1bavu, kter\u00e1 vypln\u00ed volnou chv\u00edli (The New Lady's Magazine, 1786).<\/p>\n

D\u016fmysln\u00e9 d\u00e1my zdobily krabi\u010dky na \u010daj, pracovn\u00ed ko\u0161\u00edky, parav\u00e1ny, sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b, r\u00e1my na obrazy a dokonce i kusy n\u00e1bytku pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi kudrlinkami, pro kter\u00e9 byly zhotoveny speci\u00e1ln\u00ed prohlubn\u011b. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee tomuto kon\u00ed\u010dku vzd\u00e1valy hold takov\u00e9 osobnosti jako spisovatelka Jane Austenov\u00e1 (o filigr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch prac\u00edch se zmi\u0148uje ve sv\u00e9m rom\u00e1nu Rozum a cit) a sestry Bront\u00ebovy. Koncem 18. stolet\u00ed se quillingem v\u00e1\u017en\u011b zab\u00fdvala princezna Al\u017eb\u011bta, dcera kr\u00e1le Ji\u0159\u00edho III. a n\u011bkter\u00e9 jej\u00ed pr\u00e1ce jsou dodnes ulo\u017eeny ve Victoria and Albert Museum v Lond\u00fdn\u011b.<\/p>\n

\"Aristokratick\u00fd<\/a>
Aristokratick\u00fd kon\u00ed\u010dek 19. stolet\u00ed: regentsk\u00e1 d\u00e1ma p\u0159i tvorb\u011b n\u00e1dhern\u00e9ho quillingu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\ud83c\udf0d Region\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edly a revitalizace<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V 19. stolet\u00ed z\u016fstal quilling p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b d\u00e1mskou z\u00e1bavou, ale po\u010d\u00e1tkem 20. stolet\u00ed jeho obliba opadla. Z\u00e1jem o n\u011bj byl obnoven a\u017e ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed. V roce 1875 se Angli\u010dan William Bemrose pokusil o\u017eivit toto um\u011bn\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00edm sady mozaik s n\u00e1vodem a v roce 1927 se v Lond\u00fdn\u011b konala jedna z prvn\u00edch velk\u00fdch v\u00fdstav.<\/p>\n

Dnes existuj\u00ed dv\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 \u0161koly quillingu, kter\u00e9 se zformovaly koncem 20. stolet\u00ed:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Evropsk\u00e1 \u0161kola:<\/strong>\u00a0Vyzna\u010duje se stru\u010dnost\u00ed a minimalismem. D\u00edla se obvykle skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z mal\u00e9ho po\u010dtu \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed mozaiku, zdob\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\u010dka, r\u00e1me\u010dky a d\u00e1rkov\u00e1 balen\u00ed. Zde je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd rychl\u00fd a dekorativn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek.<\/li>\n
  2. Korejsk\u00e1 (orient\u00e1ln\u00ed) \u0161kola:<\/strong>\u00a0To je skute\u010dn\u00e1 virtuozita. Orient\u00e1ln\u00ed mist\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed si osvojili tradice nejlep\u0161\u00edch grafik\u016f, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u00edla podobn\u00e1 \u0161perka\u0159sk\u00e9mu um\u011bn\u00ed. Nejjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9 krajky jsou utk\u00e1ny ze stovek drobn\u00fdch detail\u016f a m\u011bn\u00ed se v luxusn\u00ed panely a obrazy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u2728 Kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam a symbolika<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Quilling m\u011bl v\u017edy hlubok\u00fd kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku bylo symbolem n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 pokory a z\u00e1rove\u0148 snahou dotknout se bo\u017esk\u00e9 kr\u00e1sy napodoben\u00edm zlata. Ve viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e se stalo znakem spole\u010densk\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed a dobr\u00e9ho vychov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edvek z vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, symbolem zah\u00e1lky a vyt\u0159\u00edben\u00e9ho vkusu.<\/p>\n

    Dnes je quilling symbolem harmonie a trp\u011blivosti. Samotn\u00e1 technika, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dliv\u00e9 kroucen\u00ed a vzorov\u00e1n\u00ed, se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i arteterapii, kter\u00e1 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zklidnit mysl, rozv\u00edjet jemnou motoriku a soust\u0159edit se na kr\u00e1sno. Toto um\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1s u\u010d\u00ed vid\u011bt potenci\u00e1l v t\u011bch nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1lech a vytv\u00e1\u0159et slo\u017eitou kr\u00e1su z ni\u010deho, vlastn\u011b z odpadov\u00e9ho pap\u00edru.<\/p>\n

    Na rozd\u00edl od origami, kde se forma rod\u00ed z geometrie skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, v quillingu se forma rod\u00ed z k\u0159ivky \u010d\u00e1ry, z nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho spir\u00e1lovit\u00e9ho pohybu, kter\u00fd dod\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u00edlu zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eivost a organi\u010dnost. Dnes quilling za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nov\u00fd rozkv\u011bt: od skromn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\u010dek po v\u00fdstavn\u00ed panely a dokonce i \u0161perky, co\u017e dokazuje, \u017ee pap\u00edrov\u00e1 krajka neztr\u00e1c\u00ed svou p\u0159ita\u017elivost ani v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u011bku.<\/p>\n

    \"Mistrovsk\u00e9<\/a>
    Mistrovsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo modern\u00edho korejsk\u00e9ho quillingu: objemn\u00e1 krajka ze stovek pap\u00edrov\u00fdch kudrlinek p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161perk.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Zveme v\u00e1s, abyste si vyzkou\u0161eli toto \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e1 vytvo\u0159ili sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed mal\u00e9 mistrovsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 nav\u00e1\u017ee na staletou historii kroucen\u00ed pap\u00edru!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Quilling neboli kroucen\u00ed pap\u00edru je \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se z dlouh\u00fdch a \u00fazk\u00fdch prou\u017ek\u016f pap\u00edru vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed jemn\u00e9 krajky, kter\u00e9 se mohou rovnat \u0161perk\u016fm. Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev poch\u00e1z\u00ed z anglick\u00e9ho slova quill, pta\u010d\u00edho p\u00edrka, kter\u00e9 slou\u017eilo jako prvn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj pro kroucen\u00ed pap\u00edru. Toto um\u011bn\u00ed, pln\u00e9 n\u011bhy a pe\u010dliv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, urazilo dlouhou cestu od napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed drah\u00fdch kov\u016f v [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13213,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[90,87],"tags":[64,206,189],"class_list":["post-13212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-applikaczii-iz-bumagi","category-raznoe-pro-bumagu","tag-applikacziya-iz-bumagi","tag-bumagokruchenie","tag-kvilling"],"yoast_head":"\nQuilling: \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0411\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u041e\u0442 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u042e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0428\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432.\ud83d\udcdc - IzBumagi.net - \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u044f\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/izbumagi.net\/cs\/quilling-istoriya-i-simvolika-bumazhnogo-krucheniya-from-monastyrej-to-yuvelirnyh-shedevrov\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quilling: \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0411\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u041e\u0442 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u042e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0428\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432.\ud83d\udcdc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u044f\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/izbumagi.net\/cs\/quilling-istoriya-i-simvolika-bumazhnogo-krucheniya-from-monastyrej-to-yuvelirnyh-shedevrov\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IzBumagi.net - 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